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Microcontroller Pin Definition can be roughly divided into four categories: power supply, clock, control, and I/O pins.
1. Power supply:
(1) VCC – chip power supply, connected to +5V;
(2) VSS – ground terminal;

2. Clock: XTAL1, XTAL2 – Inverting input and output of crystal oscillator circuit.

3. Control line: There are 4 control lines.
(1) ALE/PROG: Address Latch Enable / On-chip EPROM Programming Pulse
1 ALE function: used to latch the lower 8-bit address sent by port P0
2 PROG function: Chip with EPROM on chip. During EPROM programming, this pin inputs programming pulse.
(2) PSEN: External ROM read strobe signal.
(3) RST/VPD: Reset/standby power.
1 RST (Reset) function: reset signal input.
2 VPD function: Connect the standby power supply when Vcc is powered off.
(4) EA/Vpp: internal and external ROM selection / on-chip EPROM programming power supply.
1 EA function: internal and external ROM selection.
2 Vpp function: Chip with EPROM on chip, during programming of EPROM, apply programming power supply Vpp.

Microcontrollers 8051 Pin Description

4. I/O line
The 80C51 has four 8-bit parallel I/O ports: P0, P1, P2, and P3, for a total of 32 pins. The P3 port also has a second function for special signal input and output and control signals (which are control buses).

To get a microcontroller, if you want to use it, you must first know how to connect. We use a microcontroller called 89C51. Let’s take a look at how to connect it after the understanding of Microcontroller Pin Definition.

1. Power: This is of course essential. The single-chip microcomputer uses a 5V power supply, in which the positive pole is connected to 40 pins, and the negative pole (ground) is connected to 20 pins.
2, vibrating circuit: MCU is a kind of sequential circuit, must supply pulse signal to work properly, the oscillator has been integrated inside the MCU, using crystal oscillator, connected to 18, 19 feet.

3. Reset pin: Connect according to the drawing in Figure 1. As to what is the meaning of reset and why it needs to be reset, it is introduced in the function of MCU.
4. EA pin: The EA pin is connected to the positive power terminal. At this point, a microcontroller is connected, and the microcontroller can start to work.