When we write an instruction into the microcontroller through the programmer, and then remove the microcontroller, the microcontroller can execute this instruction, then this instruction must be saved somewhere in the microcontroller, and this The place can still keep this instruction will not be lost after powered off. What is this place? Through Microcontroller Internal Storage Structure Analysis we can understand this place is the ROM (READ ONLY MEMORY). Why is it called read-only memory?
Originally in the 89C51 ROM is an electrically erasable ROM, called FLASH ROM, we just used the programmer, under special conditions, by using the external device to download the program into ROM, under the normal working conditions, microcontroller can only be read from that side, and the data cannot be written in, so we still call it ROM, Unlock PIC16LF689 MCU Memory to readout its firmware.
The nature of the number and the physical phenomenon:
We know that the computer can perform mathematical operations, which makes us very difficult to understand, computer, although we do not understand its composition, but it is only some electronic components, how can we perform mathematical operations? We do math problems such as 37+45 to do this, first write 37 on paper, then write 45 below, then brain runs the operation, and finally draw out the results, the raw materials of the operation: 37, 45 and the result: 82 are written in On the paper, where is the computer placed? To solve this problem, let us do an experiment first: there is a light here, we know that the light is either bright or not lit, there are two states, we can use ‘0’ and ‘1’ instead of these two states, The rule is lit as ‘1’ and not lit as ‘0’. Now put two lights, how many states? Let’s take a look at the list:
Please write all the status of led lights:
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
Let us see, is this 000,001,101 not the binary number we have learned? Originally, the lighting and extinguishing of the lights was only a physical phenomenon, but when we arranged them in a one-click order, the on and off of the light represented only the numbers.
Let us abstract one step, why is the light bright? Look at circuit 1, because the output circuit outputs a high level, and the lamp is powered. Therefore, the light on and off can be replaced by whether the output of the circuit is high or low. In this way, the number is related to the high and low levels. (Please think about what kind of similar routines have we seen? (Navy) lights, semaphores, telegrams, even red and green lights).